Cancer has been one of the most common life‐threatening diseases for a long time.
Traditional cancer therapies such as surgery, chemotherapy (CT), and radiotherapy (RT) …

Cell death, or, more specifically, cell suicide, is a process of fundamental importance to
human health. Throughout our lives, over a million cells are produced every second. When …

Until recently, radiation effects have been considered to be mainly due to nuclear DNA
damage and their management by repair mechanisms. However, molecular biology studies …

Betulin (B) and Betulinic acid (BA) are natural pentacyclic lupane-structure triterpenoids
which possess a wide range of pharmacological activities. Recent evidence indicates that B …

Every cell in a multicellular organism has the potential to die by apoptosis, but tumour cells
often have faulty apoptotic pathways. These defects not only increase tumour mass, but also …

Lipid droplets (LDs) are cellular organelles comprising a core of neutral lipids (glycerides,
sterols) encased within a single phospholipid membrane, responsible for storing surplus …

Defects in apoptosis underpin both tumorigenesis and drug resistance, and because of
these defects chemotherapy often fails. Understanding the molecular events that contribute …

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), which have well-known antimicrobial properties, are
extensively used in various medical and general applications. Despite the widespread use …

The predominant definition of apoptosis considers that the elimination of the apoptosing cell
is by heterolytic degradation following phagocytosis by an assisting scavenger …

Patterns of cell death have been divided into apoptosis, which is actively executed by
specific proteases, the caspases, and accidental necrosis. However, there is now …