Bilingualism was once thought to result in cognitive disadvantages, but research in recent
decades has demonstrated that experience with two (or more) languages confers a bilingual …

Women represent ⅔ of the cases of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Current research has focused
on differential risks to explain higher rates of AD in women. However, factors that reduce risk …

Speaking more than one language demands a language control system that allows
bilinguals to correctly use the intended language adjusting for possible interference from the …

Research on the effects of bi-and multi-lingualism on brain structure has so far yielded
variable patterns. Although it cannot be disputed that learning and using additional …

The number of the elderly across the globe will approximate 2.1 billion by 2050. Juxtaposed
against this burgeoning segment of the population is evidence that nonpathological aging is …

Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) or presbycusis, as the third leading cause of chronic
disability in older adults, has been shown to be associated with predisposing cognitive …

Cognitive reserve is characterized by a dissociation between cognitive level and brain
structure, thereby reducing the impact of deteriorating brain structure on cognitive function …

Cognitive reserve (CR) prevents cognitive decline and delays neurodegeneration. Recent
epidemiological evidence suggests that lifelong bilingualism may act as CR delaying the …

Cognitive Neuroscience of Language provides an up-to-date, wide-ranging, and
pedagogically practical survey of the most important developments in this exciting field. It …

Numerous studies have argued that bilingualism has effects on cognitive functions.
Recently, in light of increasingly mixed empirical results, this claim has been challenged …