Abstract Three-dimensional (3D) printing is a revolutionary technology that is disrupting
pharmaceutical development by enabling the production of personalised printlets (3D …

The absorption of oral drugs is frequently plagued by significant variability with potentially
serious therapeutic consequences. The source of variability can be traced back to …

The oral route is by far the most common route of drug administration in the gastrointestinal
tract and can be used for both systemic drug delivery and for treating local gastrointestinal …

Abstract Information related to the diverse and dynamic metabolite composition of the small
intestine is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. However, our current …

Colonic drug delivery can facilitate access to unique therapeutic targets and has the
potential to enhance drug bioavailability whilst reducing off-target effects. Delivering drugs to …

Gastrointestinal-based drug delivery is considered the preferred mode of drug
administration owing to its convenience for patients, which improves adherence. However …

A complex interplay of metabolic and immunological mechanisms underlies many diseases
that represent a substantial unmet medical need. There is an increasing appreciation of the …

3D printing (3DP) is forecast to be a highly revolutionary technology within the
pharmaceutical sector. In particular, the main benefits of 3DP lie in the production of small …

Animal experimentation helps us to understand human biology. Rodents and, in particular,
rats are among the most common animals used in animal experiments. Reporting data on …

Artificial intelligence (AI) is redefining how we exist in the world. In almost every sector of
society, AI is performing tasks with super-human speed and intellect; from the prediction of …