The gut and mitochondria have emerged as two important hubs at the cutting edge of
research across a diverse array of medical conditions, including most psychiatric conditions …

Neuroinflammation and cell death are among the common symptoms of many central
nervous system diseases and injuries. Neuroinflammation and programmed cell death of the …

Fatal unintentional poisoning is widespread upon human exposure to toxic agents such as
pesticides, heavy metals, environmental pollutants, bacterial and fungal toxins or even some …

Introduction Early alcohol consumption can irreversible damage the adolescents' brain and
may affect their quality of life. In order to better prevent such a deleterious behaviour …

Problematic alcohol drinking and alcohol dependence are an increasing health problem
worldwide. Alcohol abuse is responsible for approximately 5% of the total deaths in the …

Many studies have reported that alcohol produces harmful effects on several brain
structures, including the hippocampus, in both rodents and humans. The hippocampus is …

Cognitive reserve (CR) is the capability of an individual to cope with a brain pathology
through compensatory mechanisms developed through cognitive stimulation by mental and …

Binge drinking (BD) is the most common alcohol consumption model among adolescents.
BD exposure during adolescence disrupts the nervous system function, being involved in …

Unhealthy diet and alcohol are serious health problems, especially in adolescents and
young adults.“Binge” is defined as the excessive and uncontrolled consumption of food …

Binge alcohol drinking is a well characterized consumption pattern related with drinking five
or more alcoholic beverages during a short period of time followed by a non-drinking period …