Vaccines are the key technology to combat existing and emerging infectious diseases.
However, increasing the potency, quality and durability of the vaccine response remains a …

Effector CD8+ T cells are typically thought to be a homogenous group of cytotoxic cells that
produce interferon-(IFN) γ. However, recent findings have challenged this notion because …

Adoptive cell therapy with T cells reprogrammed to express chimeric antigen receptors (CAR-
T cells) has been highly successful in patients with hematological neoplasms. However, its …

Long-lived memory CD8+ T cells play important roles in tumor immunity. Studies over the
past two decades have identified four subsets of memory CD8+ T cells-central, effector, stem …

Background Understanding the host genetic architecture and viral immunity contributes to
the development of effective vaccines and therapeutics for controlling the COVID-19 …

Organismal ageing is associated with many physiological changes, including differences in
the immune system of most animals. These differences are often considered to be a key …

Immunosenescence is a process associated with aging that leads to dysregulation of cells of
innate and adaptive immunity, which may become dysfunctional. Consequently, older adults …

Background & Aims Although CD8+ T cell exhaustion hampers viral control during chronic
HBV infection, the pool of CD8+ T cells is phenotypically and functionally heterogeneous …

Abstract Background Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are important participators in tumor
progression for their stable structure and high tissue-specific expression. The purpose of this …

The expression of CD4 and CD8 co-receptors defines two distinct T cell populations with
specialized functions. While CD4+ T cells support and modulate immune responses through …