As the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic begins, it remains clear that a massive
increase in the ability to test for SARS-CoV-2 infections in a myriad of settings is critical to …

Importance Multiple cases of autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases after COVID-19
have been reported. However, their incidences and risks have rarely been quantified …

Over the past two years, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-
2) has caused hundreds of millions of infections, resulting in an unprecedented pandemic of …

Abstract Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) causes immune perturbations which may
persist long term, and patients frequently report ongoing symptoms for months after …

The complement system is a key component of the innate immune response to viruses and
proinflammatory events. Exaggerated complement activation has been attributed to the …

COVID-19 continues to be a burden for human health since its outbreak in Wuhan, China in
December 2019. In severe cases, SARS-CoV-2 provokes inappropriate hyperinflammatory …

Cytokine storm refers to the overproduction of immune and inflammatory cells and their
proteins (cytokines)[interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-6] causing acute respiratory distress syndrome …

This study attempted to explore pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses in
patients with mild/moderate coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). Eight pro-inflammatory (IL …

Pneumonia is the fourth leading cause of death globally, and the reason for the high
mortality rate of patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP) remains …

Abstract Interleukin‐38 (IL‐38) has recently been considered as a cytokine with anti‐
inflammatory properties in viral respiratory infections, particularly coronavirus disease 19 …