In the late nineteenth century, Heinrich Hertz demonstrated that the electromagnetic
properties of materials are intimately related to their structure at the subwavelength scale by …

The emergence of silicon photonics over the past two decades has established silicon as a
preferred substrate platform for photonic integration. While most silicon-based photonic …

Silicon photonics is widely acknowledged as a game-changing technology, driven by the
needs of datacom and telecom. Silicon photonics builds on highly capital-intensive …

In this paper, we present a brief history of silicon photonics from the early research papers in
the late 1980s and early 1990s, to the potentially revolutionary technology that exists today …

Silicon photonics is playing a key role in areas as diverse as high-speed optical
communications, neural networks, supercomputing, quantum photonics, and sensing, which …

Segmenting silicon waveguides at the subwavelength scale produce an equivalent
homogenous material. The geometry of the waveguide segments provides precise control …

Germanium (Ge) has played a key role in silicon photonics as an enabling material for
datacom applications. Indeed, the unique properties of Ge have been leveraged to develop …

Silicon has been the material of choice of the photonics industry over the last decade due to
its easy integration with silicon electronics, high index contrast, small footprint, and low cost …

As miniaturized solutions, mid-infrared (MIR) waveguide sensors are promising for label-free
compositional detection of mixtures leveraging plentiful absorption fingerprints. However …

Optical sensors are widely used in the biomedical, chemical and food industries. They
provide high sensitivity to changes in the refractive index of the environment due to a …