Nanophotonics has garnered intensive attention due to its unique capabilities in molding the
flow of light in the subwavelength regime. Metasurfaces (MSs) and photonic integrated …

In undergraduate courses on classical electromagnetism, it is taught that a perfect conductor
expels the electromagnetic (EM) field, and hence its surface is not able to support the …

The coherent transmission technology using digital signal processing and advanced
modulation formats, is bringing networks closer to the theoretical capacity limit of optical …

Electro-optic modulators translate high-speed electronic signals into the optical domain and
are critical components in modern telecommunication networks, and microwave-photonic …

Scalable programmable photonic integrated circuits (PICs) can potentially transform the
current state of classical and quantum optical information processing. However, traditional …

Optical modulators are at the heart of optical communication links. Ideally, they should
feature low loss, low drive voltage, large bandwidth, high linearity, compact footprint and low …

Tunable metasurfaces enable dynamical control of the key constitutive properties of light at a
subwavelength scale. To date, electrically tunable metasurfaces at near-infrared …

The electro-optical Pockels effect is an essential nonlinear effect used in many applications.
The ultrafast modulation of the refractive index is, for example, crucial to optical modulators …

Silicon modulators are key components to support the dense integration of electro-optic
functional elements for various applications. Despite numerous advances in promoting the …

Since the emergence of optical fiber communications, lithium niobate (LN) has been the
material of choice for electro-optic modulators, featuring high data bandwidth and excellent …