The emergence of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite systems has been seen as a potential
solution for connecting remote areas where engineering terrestrial infrastructure is …

Techno-economic assessment is a fundamental technique engineers use for evaluating new
communications technologies. However, despite the techno-economics of the fifth cellular …

Mega-LEO satellite constellations are becoming a concrete reality. Companies such as
SpaceX, Virgin Orbit, and OneWeb have already started launching hundreds of LEO …

Poverty is one of the biggest problems in the world caused by the lack of resources
necessary to meet the basic needs of human survival. Ending global poverty is one of the …

This paper addresses the design of hybrid free-space optical/radio frequency (FSO/RF)
systems for a high-altitude platform (HAP)-aided relaying satellite communication for mobile …

Task 9c of the Sustainable Development Goals aims to provide universal affordable
broadband globally by 2030. However, a lack of data, combined with few independent and …

Roughly 3 billion citizens remain offline, equating to approximately 40 percent of the global
population. Therefore, providing Internet connectivity is an essential part of the Sustainable …

Abstract Space sector systems enable numerous critical functions and are often integrated
into existing telecommunications infrastructure to enhance network connectivity coverage …

As part of “New Space,” low Earth orbit mega-constellations are gaining increasing
popularity as the instrument for delivering broadband Internet from space. Apart from …

Five decades have passed since the first bit was transmitted over the internet. Although the
internet has improved our lives and led to the digital economy, currently only 51% of the …