Asthma is a heterogeneous lung disease with variable phenotypes (clinical presentations)
and distinctive endotypes (mechanisms). Over the last decade, considerable efforts have …

Naturally occurring CD4+ regulatory T cells (Tregs), which specifically express the
transcription factor FoxP3 in the nucleus and CD25 and CTLA-4 on the cell surface, are a …

Asthma is a chronic disease of the airways, which affects more than 350 million people
worldwide. It is the most common chronic disease in children, affecting at least 30 million …

Background Inflammation in the lung is the body's natural response to injury. It acts to
remove harmful stimuli such as pathogens, irritants, and damaged cells and initiate the …

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and regulatory T cells (Tregs) are both potent immune-
modulators. The aberrant proliferation and function of Tregs plays an important role in the …

Annexin A1 is a 37 kDa phospholipid-binding protein that is expressed in many tissues and
cell types, including leukocytes, lymphocytes and epithelial cells. Although Annexin A1 has …

Various subgroups of CD8+ T lymphocytes do not only demonstrate cytotoxic effects, but
also serve important regulatory roles in the body's immune response. In particular, CD8+ …

The immune system regulates itself to establish an appropriate immune response to
potentially harmful pathogens while tolerating harmless environmental antigens and self …

Probiotics are live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer
health benefit on the host. The therapeutic effects of probiotics have been mostly studied in …

Basophils are circulating cells that are associated quite exclusively with allergy response
and hypersensitivity reactions but their role in the immune network might be much more …