In late 2020, after circulating for almost a year in the human population, severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) exhibited a major step change in its …

Worldwide nanotechnology development and application have fueled many scientific
advances, but technophilic expectations and technophobic demands must be …

Background Intranasal vaccination may induce protective local and systemic immune
responses against respiratory pathogens. A number of intranasal SARS-CoV-2 vaccine …

There has been an important change in the clinical characteristics and immune profile of
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) patients during the pandemic thanks to the …

SARS-CoV-2 is primarily an airborne infection of the upper respiratory tract, which on
reaching the lungs causes the severe acute respiratory disease, COVID-19. Its first contact …

The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants
and “anatomical escape” characteristics threaten the effectiveness of current coronavirus …

Multiple vaccines have recently been developed, and almost all the countries are presently
vaccinating their population to tackle the COVID-19 pandemic. Most of the COVID-19 …

Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has resulted in a serious public …

Currently approved COVID-19 vaccines administered parenterally induce robust systemic
humoral and cellular responses. While highly effective against severe disease, there is …

To elicit optimal immune responses, messenger RNA vaccines require intracellular delivery
of the mRNA and the careful use of adjuvants. Here we report a multiply adjuvanted mRNA …