The outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in Wuhan, December 2019 …

As of 20 April, almost 1.7 million people globally have been diagnosed with Corona Virus
Disease 2019 (COVID-19), a pandemic that has evolved from the emergence of a new …

Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi., a plant used in traditional Chinese medicine, has multiple
biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antitumor, antioxidant, and …

Respiratory viruses cause infections of the upper or lower respiratory tract and they are
responsible for the common cold—the most prevalent disease in the world. In many cases …

Old individuals are more susceptible to various infections due to immunological changes
that occur during the aging process. These changes named collectively as …

Novel coronaviruses (nCoVs) encode ion-channel proteins called viroporins such as protein
E, open reading frame 3a (ORF3a) and ORF8a. These viroporins, via mechanisms such as …

Influenza viruses are still a serious threat to human health. Cytokines are essential for cell-to-
cell communication and viral clearance in the immune system, but excessive cytokines can …

In addition to the respiratory system, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
(SARS-CoV-2) strikes other systems, including the digestive, circulatory, urogenital, and …

The major impact produced by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑
CoV‑2) focused many researchers attention to find treatments that can suppress …

Influenza virus is a significant pathogen in humans and animals with the ability to cause
extensive morbidity and mortality. Exuberant immune responses induced following infection …