For decades high voltage alternating current (HVAC) was considered as most economical
solution to transmit and deliver electric power. With the recent developments in power …

Voltage source converter–based multiterminal dc (MTdc) grids, including high-and medium-
voltage levels, have attracted attention in recent years and developed fast. To protect the …

Hybrid dc circuit breaker (HCB) is currently the most promising dc circuit breaker. However,
since it requires hundreds of semiconductor switches to withstand high transient interruption …

Due to the low-impedance characteristic, the multi-terminal high voltage direct current
(MTDC) grid based on modular multilevel converter (MMC) requires protection to detect and …

Multi-terminal HVDC grids facilitate the integration of various renewable resources from
distant locations; in addition, they enhance the reliability and stability of the grid. Protection …

The hybrid dc circuit breaker is one of the most promising dc circuit breakers (DCCBs).
However, its cost is relatively high, and the completion of its fault isolation is significantly …

A fault identification scheme for protection and adaptive reclosing is proposed for a hybrid
multi-terminal HVDC system to increase the reliability of fault isolation and reclosing. By …

Hybrid DC circuit breaker (HDCCB) takes advantage of both mechanical and solid-state
breakers, the low-loss and fast-breaking characteristics are suitable for MMC-HVDC system …

The modular multilevel converter (MMC) topology is very suitable for high voltage direct
current (HVDC) system to achieve feasible power control, favorable black start capability as …

The use of a DC circuit breaker to open and isolate DC faults in a flexible DC grid is one of
the simplest and most reliable methods for handling DC faults. However, current limiting …