Highlights•Autoimmunity is defined by a self-reactive adaptive immune system, causing
clinical pathology in autoimmune diseases.•Evidence suggests that autoimmunity and …

BACKGROUND The epidemiology of adult-onset type 1 diabetes (T1D) incidence is not well-
characterized due to the historic focus on T1D as a childhood-onset disease. PURPOSE We …

This chapter serves as an update and replaces the 2018 ISPAD consensus guideline on
definition, epidemiology, and classification of diabetes in children and adolescents. 1 It …

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of type 1 diabetes in
children and adolescents during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in …

Gut dysbiosis has been linked to type 1 diabetes (T1D); however, microbial capacity in T1D
remains unclear. Here, we integratively profiled gut microbial functional and metabolic …

Background Viral infections may trigger type 1 diabetes (T1D), and recent reports suggest
an increased incidence of paediatric T1D and/or diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) during the …

To the Editor—In December 2019, a novel coronavirus was isolated, after a cluster of
patients in China were diagnosed with pneumonia of unknown cause1. This new isolate …

Objective The real causal relationship between human gut microbiota and T1D remains
unclear and difficult to establish. Herein, we adopted a two-sample bidirectional mendelian …

The rising incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) cannot be ascribed to genetics alone, and
causative environmental triggers and drivers must also be contributing. The prospective …

For the past century, insulin injections have saved millions of lives, but glycemic instability is
still a persistent challenge for people with diabetes, leading to tremendous morbidity and …