The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), caused by the severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), has caused an unprecedented global …

Increasing evidence accumulated from the past year on the outbreak of corona virus disease
2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, suggesting a strong association between the severe acute …

Iron is an essential element required by cells and has been described as a key player in
ferroptosis. Ferritin operates as a fundamental iron storage protein in cells forming …

Background SARS-CoV-2 infection has spread worldwide, and the pathogenic mechanism
is still under investigation. The presence of a huge inflammatory response, defined as …

While it took decades to arrive to a conclusion that ferritin is more than an indicator of iron
storage level, it took a short period of time through the COVID-19 pandemic to wonder what …

COVID-19 can cause detrimental effects on health. Vaccines have helped in reducing
disease severity and transmission but their long-term effects on health and effectiveness …

Background and objective A hyperinflammatory environment is thought to be the distinctive
characteristic of COVID-19 infection and an important mediator of morbidity. This study …

Introduction The COVID-19 pneumonia is a heterogeneous disease with variable effect on
lung parenchyma, airways, and vasculature leading to long-term effects on lung functions …

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused devastating loss of life and a healthcare crisis
worldwide. SARS-CoV-2 is the causative pathogen of COVID-19 and is transmitted mainly …

In our continuing examination of the role of exposomes in autoimmune disease, we use this
review to focus on pathogens. Infections are major contributors to the pathophysiology of …