The orbitofrontal cortex in primates including humans is the key brain area in emotion, and
in the representation of reward value and in non-reward, that is not obtaining an expected …

Abstract Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is one of the most common and debilitating
mental disorders; however, its etiology remains unclear. This paper aims to summarize the …

The capacity to shift experiential perspective—from within one's subjective experience onto
that experience—is fundamental to being human. Scholars have long theorized that this …

The science of large-scale brain networks offers a powerful paradigm for investigating
cognitive and affective dysfunction in psychiatric and neurological disorders. This review …

The orbitofrontal cortex represents the reward or affective value of primary reinforcers
including taste, touch, texture, and face expression. It learns to associate other stimuli with …

BACKGROUND: Positron emission tomography (PET) studies of major depression have
revealed resting-state abnormalities in the prefrontal and cingulate cortices. Recently, fMRI …

BACKGROUND: We tested whether transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the left
dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is effective and safe in the acute treatment of major …

The neural circuitry that mediates mood under normal and abnormal conditions remains
incompletely understood. Most attention in the field has focused on hippocampal and frontal …

We propose a framework to understand increases in vulnerability for depression after
recurrent episodes that links attention processes and schema activation to negative mood …

The clinical signs grouped under the concept of apathy are a common feature of prefrontal
and basal ganglia lesions or dysfunctions and can therefore help to improve our …