Chemotherapy combined with or without targeted therapy is the fundamental treatment for
metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Due to the adverse effects of chemotherapeutic drugs …

Most chronic inflammatory illnesses include fibrosis as a pathogenic characteristic.
Extracellular matrix (ECM) components build up in excess to cause fibrosis or scarring. The …

Upon antigenic stimulation, naïve CD4+ T cells differentiate into different subsets and
secrete various cytokines to exert biological effects. Th22 cells, a newly identified CD4+ T …

Liver cancer has the fourth highest mortality rate of all cancers worldwide, with
hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) being the most prevalent subtype. Despite great advances …

Wound healing occurs as a response to disruption of the epidermis and dermis. It is an
intricate and well-orchestrated response with the goal to restore skin integrity and function …

Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) encompasses a spectrum of chronic lung diseases that
progressively impact the interstitium, resulting in compromised gas exchange …

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common liver diseases
worldwide. It is strongly associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and other …

Type 2 helper T (Th2) cells, a subset of CD4+ T cells, play an important role in the host
defense against pathogens and allergens by producing Th2 cytokines, such as interleukin-4 …

Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic and fatal lung disease that significantly impacts the aging
population globally. To date, anti-fibrotic, immunosuppressive, and other adjunct therapy …

Liver fibrosis is a chronic, highly prevalent disease that may progress to cirrhosis and
substantially increases the risk for development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Fibrotic …