The COVID-19 pandemic has been accompanied by SARS-CoV-2 evolution and
emergence of viral variants that have far exceeded initial expectations. Five major variants of …

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Omicron BA. 1 sublineage has been
supplanted in many countries by the BA. 2 sublineage. BA. 2 differs from BA. 1 by about 21 …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron sublineages carry
distinct spike mutations resulting in escape from antibodies induced by previous infection or …

Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines have yielded definitive prevention
and major reductions in morbidity and mortality from severe acute respiratory syndrome …

The newly emerged Omicron SARS-CoV-2 has several distinct sublineages including BA. 1,
BA. 2, and BA. 3. BA. 1 accounts for the initial surge and is being replaced by BA. 2, whereas …

Summary The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant escapes neutralizing antibodies elicited by
vaccines or infection. However, whether Omicron triggers cross-reactive humoral responses …

The global pandemic of COVID‐19 began in December 2019 and is still continuing. The
past 2 years have seen the emergence of several variants that were more vicious than each …

Protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 infection after COVID-19 vaccination may differ by
variant. We enrolled vaccinated (n= 39) and unvaccinated (n= 11) individuals with acute …

Currently authorized COVID-19 vaccines induce humoral and cellular responses to epitopes
in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, though the relative roles of antibodies and T cells in …

The rising case numbers of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA. 4, BA. 5, and BA. 2.12. 1
subvariants has generated serious concern about the course of the pandemic. Here we …