The application of principles from evolutionary biology has long been used to gain new
insights into the progression and clinical control of both infectious diseases and neoplasms …

Extranodal dissemination was an important feature of aggressive B-cell lymphoma. Due to
the lack of available animal model, the causes of extranodal dissemination of lymphoma …

Mutant evolution in fragmented populations has been studied extensively in evolutionary
biology. With an increased focus on evolutionary dynamics in medical research …

Biological systems are complex, with many interacting subsystems that operate at different
functional levels. These different subsystems operate in an interconnected manner, with …

The maximum-tolerated dose principle, the highest possible drug dose in the shortest
possible time period, has been the standard care for cancer treatment. Although it is …

Precision medicine is defined as therapies, directed to the requirements of individual
patients on the basis of genetic, biomarker, phenotypic, or psychosocial characteristics …

Heterogeneity is a complex property of cellular systems and therefore presents challenges
to the reliable identification and characterization. Large-scale biology projects may span …

We present a two-dimensional continuum model of tumor growth, which treats the tissue as
a composition of six distinct fluid phases; their dynamics are governed by the equations of …

Cancer and healthy cells have distinct distributions of molecular properties and thus
respond differently to drugs. Cancer drugs ideally kill cancer cells while limiting harm to …

Despite great advances in modeling and cancer therapy using optimal control theory, tumor
heterogeneity and drug resistance are major obstacles in cancer treatments. Since recent …