Objective: This study aims to summarize the evidence concerning the barriers that exist to
the career progression of women in surgery and to provide potential solutions to overcome …

Reference letters play an important role for both postgraduate residency applications and
medical faculty hiring processes. This study seeks to characterise the ways in which gender …

Background Artificial intelligence chatbots such as ChatGPT (OpenAI) have garnered
excitement about their potential for delegating writing tasks ordinarily performed by humans …

Abstract Background Letters of recommendation (LoRs) play an important role in resident
selection. Author language varies implicitly toward male and female applicants. We …

Introduction Medical students applying for general surgery residencies often require a letter
of recommendation (LOR) from the Surgical Chair. However, LORs may reveal gender and …

Purpose The process of screening and selecting trainees for postgraduate training has
evolved significantly in recent years, yet remains a daunting task. Postgraduate training …

Background One of the most competitive surgical sub-specialty fellowships remains
Pediatric Surgery (PS), which requires candidates to develop a strong and research …

Purpose There is growing concern that inequities in methods of selection into medical
specialties reduce specialist cohort diversity, particularly where measures designed for …

Context.—Like many medical specialties, pathology faces the ongoing challenge of
effectively enriching diversity, equity, and inclusion within training programs and the field as …

Introduction Deviation of an individual outside of gender normative stereotypes can limit
hiring and promotion. The application, interview, and ranking process for medical students …