Abstract Abstract concepts (“freedom”) differ from concrete ones (“cat”), as they do not have
a bounded, identifiable, and clearly perceivable referent. The way in which abstract …

Everyday concepts of duration, of sequence, and of past, present, and future are
fundamental to how humans make sense of experience. In culture after culture, converging …

1.1 Abstract Concepts and Word Meanings: How to Define Them?.............................. 1 1.2
Abstraction and Abstractness......................... 3 1.2. 1 Abstractness and the Glue of …

A large number of experimental findings from neuroscience and experimental psychology
demonstrated interactions between spatial cognition and numerical cognition. In particular …

Several studies support the psychological reality of a mental timeline that runs from the left to
the right and may strongly affect our thinking about time. Ulrich and Maienborn (Cognition …

What is the role of language in constructing knowledge? In this article, we ask whether
learning new relational language can create new ways of thinking. In Experiment 1, we …

Speakers of different languages think about time differently in accordance with the spatial
metaphors common in their languages. Furthermore, learning new spatial metaphors in …

Abstract Reasoning about bedrock abstract concepts such as time, number, and valence
relies on spatial metaphor and often on multiple spatial metaphors for a single concept …

This study used a dual-task paradigm to analyze the time course of motor resonance during
the comprehension of action language. In the study, participants read sentences describing …

This paper describes the theoretical framework, as well as the development and testing of
the intervention, Comprehension Tools for Teachers (CTT), which is composed of eight …