Optical lenses with electrically controllable focal length are of growing interest, in order to
reduce the complexity, size, weight, response time and power consumption of conventional …

With the wide spread of affordable virtual reality headsets, virtual environments are rapidly
changing the way humans interact with reality. Understanding the effects of virtual …

An artificial muscle actuator resolves practical engineering problems in compact wearable
devices, which are limited to conventional actuators such as electromagnetic actuators …

Presbyopia is the failure of the eye lens to accommodate. The widely used presbyopia
correction method involves wearing bi/trifocal or progressive glasses, which limits the field of …

Presbyopia, the loss of accommodation due to the stiffening of the crystalline lens, affects
nearly 20% of the population worldwide. Traditional forms of presbyopia correction use fixed …

Inkjet-print additive manufactured freeform gradient refractive index representations of an
Alvarez-Lohmann lens were developed and optimized for use in vision-correction inserts for …

For the correction of defocus and astigmatism, mechanical approaches are well known, but
there is a need for a non-mechanical, electrically tunable optical system that could provide …

Femtosecond laser nanostructured indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass is shown to act both
as a liquid crystal (LC) alignment layer and as an electrode with higher transparency. The …

In augmented reality (AR), virtual information is optically combined with the physical
environment. In the most frequently used combination technique, optical settings in AR …

A fundamental cause of visual discomfort in traditional head-mounted displays (HMDs) for
Virtual and Augmented Reality (VR/AR) is the vergence-accommodation conflict (VAC). We …