Given that breathing is one of the most fundamental physiological functions, there is an
urgent need to broaden our understanding of the fluid dynamics that governs it. There would …

Objective: Understanding the minimum infective dose is significant for risk assessment in the
performance of suitable infection control strategies in healthcare centers. However, the …

Exhaled respiratory droplets and aerosols can carry infectious viruses and are an important
mode of transmission for COVID-19. Recent studies have been successful in detecting …

Outbreaks of emerging viral pathogens like severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
2 (SARS-CoV-2) are a major medical challenge. There is a pressing need for antivirals that …

The current severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has
created a significant threat to global health. While respiratory aerosols or droplets are …

Background Aerosol spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-
CoV-2) is a major problem in hospitals, leading to an increase in supplementary high …

Background: Nose-to-brain (N2B) drug delivery offers unique advantages over intravenous
methods; however, the delivery efficiency to the olfactory region using conventional nasal …

The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the need to understand the dynamics of SARS-
CoV-2 respiratory infection and protection provided by the immune response. SARS-CoV-2 …

Abstract Golden Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) are used as a research model for
severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Millions of Golden …

Mammals have presumably evolved to adapt to a diverse range of ambient environmental
conditions through the optimized heat and mass exchange. One of the crucial biological …