Blockchain systems have seen much growth in recent years due to the immense potential
attributed to the technology behind these systems. However, this popularity has outlined a …

Self‐sovereign identity is the next evolution of identity management models. This survey
takes a journey through the origin of identity, defining digital identity and progressive …

Blockchains have seen growing traction with cryptocurrencies reaching a market cap of over
1 trillion dollars, major institution investors taking interests, and global impacts on …

Plonk is a widely used succinct non-interactive proof system that uses univariate polynomial
commitments. Plonk is quite flexible: it supports circuits with low-degree “custom” gates as …

Abstract zk-SNARK constructions that utilize an updatable universal structured reference
string remove one of the main obstacles in deploying zk-SNARKs [GKMMM, Crypto 2018] …

We present a methodology to construct preprocessing zkSNARKs where the structured
reference string (SRS) is universal and updatable. This exploits a novel use of holography …

We propose Bulletproofs, a new non-interactive zero-knowledge proof protocol with very
short proofs and without a trusted setup; the proof size is only logarithmic in the witness size …

Ever since their introduction, zero-knowledge proofs have become an important tool for
addressing privacy and scalability concerns in a variety of applications. In many systems …

Human dignity demands that personal information, like medical and forensic data, be hidden
from the public. But veils of secrecy designed to preserve privacy may also be abused to …

We construct a new polynomial commitment scheme for univariate and multivariate
polynomials over finite fields, with logarithmic size evaluation proofs and verification time …