With the rise of technologies such as the cloud computing, big data, Internet of Things (IoT),
Virtual Reality (VR), and Artificial Intelligence (AI), there is an increasing need for high speed …

Time and Wavelength Division Multiplexing PON (TWDM-PON) is next generation PON
technology that increases the PON capacity due to having multiple wavelengths for both …

In this paper, we have studied an optical code division multiple access (OCDMA-WDM-PON)
passive optical network technology based on chaotic spread spectrum, and proposed a …

Next generation broadband access networks are gaining more interest from many key
players in this field. The demands for more extended reach and higher bandwidth are …

A single watchful sleep mode (WSM) combines the features of both cyclic sleep mode (CSM)
and cyclic doze mode (CDM) in a single process by periodically turning ON and OFF the …

Broadband Internet access is highly demanded by end users and it is now widely available
in urban areas, primarily using optical networks. However, delivering reliable broadband …

Today, passive optical networks (PONs) represent a modern solution for high-speed FTTx
subscriber lines and networks. Due to the fact that optical fibres and cables are deployed in …

Abstract The Internet of Things (IoT) has become a more pervasive part of everyday life. IoT
networks such as wireless sensor networks, depend greatly on the limiting unnecessary …