Nearly half a century has passed since the discovery of cytoplasmic inheritance of human
chloramphenicol resistance. The inheritance was then revealed to take place maternally by …

The tryptophan (TRP)-kynurenine (KYN) metabolic pathway is a main player of TRP
metabolism through which more than 95% of TRP is catabolized. The pathway is activated …

Background The human gut hosts complex microbial communities, which are linked to
health and disease. The gut microbiota is continuously reshaped by multiple environmental …

Following introduction of the monoamine oxidase type B inhibitor selegiline for the treatment
of Parkinson's disease (PD), discovery of the action mechanism of Alzheimer's disease …

Migraine is a primary headache disorder characterized by a unilateral, throbbing, pulsing
headache, which lasts for hours to days, and the pain can interfere with daily activities. It …

Revealing the underlying pathomechanisms of neurological and psychiatric disorders,
searching for new biomarkers, and developing novel therapeutics all require translational …

Kynurenic acid (KYNA) is an endogenous tryptophan (Trp) metabolite known to possess
neuroprotective property. KYNA plays critical roles in nociception, neurodegeneration, and …

The tryptophan–kynurenine pathway (Trp–KYN) is the major route for tryptophan conversion
in the brain and in the periphery. Kynurenines display a wide range of biological actions …

This Special Issue has focused on dissecting the neuroprotective and neurodegenerative
components of neurological and neuropsychiatric diseases, highlighting the latest advance …

The physiological balance between excitation and inhibition in the brain is significantly
affected in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Several neuroactive compounds and their signaling …