Cancer is a collection of genetic diseases, with large phenotypic differences and genetic
heterogeneity between different types of cancers and even within the same cancer type …

Drug combination therapies are successfully used in the treatment of cancer disease. The
synergistic drug combinations not only increase the drug efficacy, but also reduce the drug …

The oncogenic transformation of normal cells into malignant, rapidly proliferating cells
requires major alterations in cell physiology. For example, the transformed cells remodel …

Molecular signatures specific to particular tumor types are required to design treatments for
resistant tumors. However, it remains unclear whether tumors and corresponding cell lines …

Multicellular tumor spheroid (MCTS) cultures represent more physiologically relevant in vitro
cell tumor models that recapitulate the microenvironments and cell–cell or cell–extracellular …

In solid tumors like head and neck cancer (HNC), chronic and acute hypoxia have serious
adverse clinical consequences including poorer overall patient prognosis, enhanced …

High cancer drug development attrition rates have provoked considerable debate about
whether the two-dimensional tumor growth inhibition high-throughput screening assays …

Animal and clinical studies demonstrate that cancer drug combinations (DCs) are more
effective than single agents. However, it is difficult to predict which DCs will be more …

As a hallmark for glioblastoma (GBM), high heterogeneity causes a variety of phenotypes
and therapeutic responses among GBM patients, and it contributes to treatment failure …

Drug synergy has become a promising approach for malignant diseases. This approach can
increase therapeutic efficacy, reduce toxicity, and overcome drug resistance compared with …