Antigenic characterization of newly emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants is important to assess
their immune escape and judge the need for future vaccine updates. To bridge data …

The emergence of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has fostered the
use of high-throughput techniques to sequence the entire severe acute respiratory …

New sublineages of SARS-CoV-2 variants-of-concern (VOCs) continuously emerge with
mutations in the spike glycoprotein. In most cases, the sublineage-defining mutations vary …

Importance In the context of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants or lineages and new vaccines,
it is key to accurately monitor COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (CVE) to inform vaccination …

Since the first SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, mutations such as single nucleotide polymorphisms
(SNPs) and insertion/deletions (INDELs) have changed and characterized the viral genome …

Hybrid immunity (vaccination+ natural infection) to SARS-CoV-2 provides superior
protection to re-infection. We performed immune profiling studies during breakthrough …

The continuous emergence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-
CoV-2) variants led to a rapid decline in protection efficacy and neutralizing titers even after …

Immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 is key for establishing herd immunity and limiting the
spread of the virus. The duration and qualities of T-cell-mediated protection in the settings of …

The continuing high global incidence of COVID-19 and the undervaccinated status of
billions of persons strongly motivate the development of a new generation of efficacious …

The antigenic evolution of SARS-CoV-2 requires ongoing monitoring to judge the immune
escape of newly arising variants. A surveillance system necessitates an understanding of …