Probiotic bacteria are able to modulate general antiviral responsiveness, including barrier
functionality and innate and adaptive immune responses. The COVID-19 pandemic …

CoVID‐19 is a multi‐symptomatic disease which has made a global impact due to its ability
to spread rapidly, and its relatively high mortality rate. Beyond the heroic efforts to develop …

We have recently demonstrated in a double-blind randomized trial the beneficial effects of L-
Arginine in patients hospitalized for COVID-19. We hypothesize that one of the mechanisms …

The exact pathophysiology of severe COVID-19 is not entirely elucidated, but it has been
established that hyperinflammatory responses and cytokine storms play important roles. The …

Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a well-known transcription factor best
recognised as one of the main regulators of the oxidative stress response. Beyond playing a …

Introduction Severe acute respiratory syndrome–coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection
triggers inflammatory clinical stages that affect the outcome of patients with coronavirus …

Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses that cause illnesses ranging from the common
cold to more severe diseases such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), Severe …

(1) Background: As the pandemic months progress, more and more evidence shows that the
placenta acts as a “barrier” to SARS-CoV-2, although rare cases of vertical transmission …

Uncontrolled inflammation and failure to resolve the inflammatory response are crucial
factors involved in the progress of inflammatory diseases. Current therapeutic strategies …

In the beginning of the third year of the fight against COVID-19, the virus remains at least still
one step ahead in the pandemic “war”. The key reasons are evolving lineages and …