Contact between SARS-CoV-2 and human lung cells involves the viral spike protein and the
human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor on epithelial cells, the latter being …

One of the most dreadful complications that can occur during the course of COVID-19 is the
cytokine storm—also known as cytokine release syndrome—a form of systemic inflammatory …

The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its
rapid evolution has led to a global health crisis. Increasing mutations across the SARS-CoV …

Neutrophils play a critical role in the immune response to infection and tissue injury.
However, recent studies have shown that neutrophils are a heterogeneous population with …

Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral disease caused by severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), a member of the Coronaviridae family …

Background Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) has emerged as an
important inflammatory marker of immune response associated with severity and mortality …

SARS-CoV-2 remains an acute threat to human health, endangering hospital capacities
worldwide. Previous studies have aimed at informing pathophysiologic understanding and …

Background: Probiotics are reported to have a role for improving health conditions and
reduce the risk of diseases associated with inflammation. However, how they affect …

Background In COVID-19, severe disease course such as need of intensive care unit (ICU)
as well as development of mortality is mainly due to cytokine storm. In this study, we aimed …

Introduction The pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-
2) has caused a massive impact on the health sector, especially in patients with pre-existing …