▪ Abstract Learning the relationships between aversive events and the environmental stimuli
that predict such events is essential to the survival of organisms throughout the animal …

Empathy is a lay term that is becoming increasingly viewed as a unitary function within the
field of cognitive neuroscience. In this paper, a selective review of the empathy literature is …

Recognizing emotion from facial expressions draws on diverse psychological processes
implemented in a large array of neural structures. Studies using evoked potentials, lesions …

Romantic and maternal love are highly rewarding experiences. Both are linked to the
perpetuation of the species and therefore have a closely linked biological function of crucial …

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the human brain was used to study
whether the amygdala is activated in response to emotional stimuli, even in the absence of …

Recently, there has been a convergence in lesion and neuroimaging data in the
identification of circuits underlying positive and negative emotion in the human brain …

Acute pain and emotion are processed in two forebrain networks, and the cingulate cortex is
involved in both. Although Brodmann's cingulate gyrus had two divisions and was not based …

There are many advantages to defining emotions as states elicited by reinforcers, with the
states having a set of different functions. This approach leads towards an understanding of …

If subjects are shown an angry face as a target visual stimulus for less than forty milliseconds
and are then immediately shown an expressionless mask, these subjects report seeing the …

There is increasing support for the existence of 'social intelligence'[Humphrey (1984)
Consciousness Regained], independent of general intelligence. Brothers et al.(1990) J …