Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is associated with herpes zoster (HZ) or herpes zoster
ophthalmicus (HZO). All antiviral agents currently licensed for the management of VZV …

Purpose Intra-abdominal infection is considered the second most common cause of sepsis
and results in localized or diffused inflammation of the peritoneum. The main treatment for …

Ethnopharmacological relevance A drug pair is a fundamental aspect of traditional Chinese
medicine prescriptions. Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and Coptis chinensis Franch …

Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory disease to infections and results in tissue damage and
multiple organ failure. Ponciri Fructus Immaturus (PFI) is widely used in traditional medicine …

West Nile virus (WNV) and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) are emerging mosquito-borne
flaviviruses causing encephalitis globally. No specific drug or therapy exists to treat flavivirus …

The regulation of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters by cytokines has been
extensively studied, in vitro and in clinic. Cytokine-mediated suppression of CYPs or drug …

Innate immunity, the first line of host defense against viral infections, recognizes viral
components through different pattern-recognition receptors. Nucleic acids derived from …

COVID-19 has killed millions globally. SARS-CoV-2, a virus that belongs to the
Coronaviridae family, causes COVID-19. Literature suggests that COVID-19-related illness …

Arboviruses are a significant threat to global public health, with outbreaks occurring
worldwide. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a crucial role in the innate immune response …

Background The emergence of severe sepsis is contingent upon the occurrence of a
cytokine storm (CS), a multifaceted process intricately entwined with the temporal …