Conventional chemotherapeutics have been developed into clinically useful agents based
on their ability to preferentially kill malignant cells, generally owing to their elevated …

It is generally accepted that recent advances in anticancer agents have contributed
significantly to the improvement of both the disease-free survival and quality of life in cancer …

Background Patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma have a high
risk of disease relapse, despite a high proportion of patients attaining complete clinical …

Importance Among all subtypes of breast cancer, triple-negative breast cancer has a
relatively high relapse rate and poor outcome after standard treatment. Effective strategies to …

Traditionally, intertumour heterogeneity in breast cancer has been documented in terms of
different histological subtypes, treatment sensitivity profiles, and clinical outcomes among …

During the past decades, anticancer immunotherapy has evolved from a promising
therapeutic option to a robust clinical reality. Many immunotherapeutic regimens are now …

As the culprit behind most cancer-related deaths, metastasis is the ultimate challenge in our
effort to fight cancer as a life-threatening disease. The explosive growth of metastasis …

Metastasis is responsible for the greatest number of cancer deaths. Metastatic disease, or
the movement of cancer cells from one site to another, is a complex process requiring …

Resistance to cancer therapy remains a major challenge in clinical oncology. Although the
initial treatment phase is often successful, eventual resistance, characterized by tumour …

Breast cancer comprises a heterogeneous group of malignancies derived from the ductal
epithelium. The microenvironment of these cancers is now recognized as a critical …