Periodontitis (PD) is a common chronic infectious disease. The local inflammatory response
in the host may cause the destruction of supporting periodontal tissue. Macrophages play a …

Abstract Colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1R), also known as FMS kinase, is a type
I single transmembrane protein mainly expressed in myeloid cells, such as monocytes …

The article describes how atherosclerosis and coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) may
affect each other. The features of this comorbid pathogenesis at various levels (vascular …

IL‑37 is a newly discovered inflammatory factor. However, the protective effect and
underlying mechanisms of IL‑37 on atherosclerosis remain unclear. In the present study, IL …

Interleukin-37 (IL-37) is a newly discovered member of IL-1 family. The cytokine was proved
to have extensive protective effects in infectious diseases, allergic diseases, metabolic …

Despite the decades-old knowledge that males and people with diabetes mellitus (DM) are
at increased risk for coronary artery disease (CAD), the reasons for this association are only …

Fatty liver disease is most frequently related to metabolic dysfunction (MAFLD) and
associated comorbidities, heightening the risk of cardiovascular disease, and is associated …

The COVID-19 pandemic involved millions of people and diabetes was identified as an
associated comorbidity. Initiation of systemic corticosteroids in patients suffering from severe …

Objective Immune changes play fundamental roles in the pathogenesis and severity of
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Previous studies have revealed alterations in …

In recent years, IL-34 has been widely discussed as a novel cytokine. IL-34 is a pro-
inflammatory cytokine binding four distinct receptors, namely CSF-1R, syndecan-1, PTP-ζ …