The signal pathways and treatment of cytokine storm in COVID-19

L Yang, X Xie, Z Tu, J Fu, D Xu, Y Zhou - Signal transduction and …, 2021 - nature.com
Abstract The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has become a global crisis
and is more devastating than any other previous infectious disease. It has affected a …

Comparative review of SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and influenza a respiratory viruses

Z Abdelrahman, M Li, X Wang - Frontiers in immunology, 2020 - frontiersin.org
The 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has caused a global health
emergency. The outbreak of this virus has raised a number of questions: What is SARS-CoV …

COVID‐19 and toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4): SARS‐CoV‐2 may bind and activate TLR4 to increase ACE2 expression, facilitating entry and causing hyperinflammation

MM Aboudounya, RJ Heads - Mediators of inflammation, 2021 - Wiley Online Library
Causes of mortality from COVID‐19 include respiratory failure, heart failure, and
sepsis/multiorgan failure. TLR4 is an innate immune receptor on the cell surface that …

Potential therapeutic options for COVID-19: an update on current evidence

Z Niknam, A Jafari, A Golchin, F Danesh Pouya… - European journal of …, 2022 - Springer
Abstract SARS-CoV-2, a novel coronavirus, is the agent responsible for the COVID-19
pandemic and is a major public health concern nowadays. The rapid and global spread of …

Heart failure and COVID-19

F Bader, Y Manla, B Atallah, RC Starling - Heart failure reviews, 2021 - Springer
Heart failure is a common disease state that can be encountered at different stages in the
course of a COVID-19 patient presentation. New or existing heart failure in the setting of …

Usage of social media during the pandemic: Seeking support and awareness about COVID‐19 through social media platforms

M Saud, M Mashud, R Ida - Journal of public affairs, 2020 - Wiley Online Library
Social media have become popularly use to seek for medical information and have
fascinated the general public to collect information regarding corona virus pandemics in …

The role of micronutrients in support of the immune response against viral infections

F Pecora, F Persico, A Argentiero, C Neglia, S Esposito - Nutrients, 2020 - mdpi.com
Viral infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and the importance
of public health practices including handwashing and vaccinations in reducing their spread …

The immune system and COVID-19: Friend or foe?

F Yazdanpanah, MR Hamblin, N Rezaei - Life sciences, 2020 - Elsevier
Abstract Aim Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel highly contagious infection
caused by SARS-CoV-2, which has been became a global public health challenge. The …

The role of cytokines and chemokines in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections

RJ Hsu, WC Yu, GR Peng, CH Ye, SY Hu… - Frontiers in …, 2022 - frontiersin.org
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in countless
infections and caused millions of deaths since its emergence in 2019. Coronavirus disease …

Metformin and risk of mortality in patients hospitalised with COVID-19: a retrospective cohort analysis

CT Bramante, NE Ingraham, TA Murray… - The Lancet Healthy …, 2021 - thelancet.com
Background Type 2 diabetes and obesity, as states of chronic inflammation, are risk factors
for severe COVID-19. Metformin has cytokine-reducing and sex-specific immunomodulatory …