Chloroplast photorelocation movement is an essential physiological response for sessile
plant survival and the optimization of photosynthetic ability. Simple but effective experiments …

While textbook figures imply nuclei as resting spheres at the center of idealized cells, this
picture fits few real situations. Plant nuclei come in many shapes and sizes, and can be …

Life on earth relies upon photosynthesis, which consumes carbon dioxide and generates
oxygen and carbohydrates. Photosynthesis is sustained by a dynamic environment within …

In animals, microtubules and centrosomes direct the migration of gamete pronuclei for
fertilization. By contrast, flowering plants have lost essential components of the centrosome …

Increasing evidence suggests that nuclear migration is important for eukaryotic
development. Although nuclear migration is conserved in plants, its importance for plant …

Nuclei undergo dynamic shape changes during plant development, but the mechanism is
unclear. In Arabidopsis, Sad1/UNC-84 (SUN) proteins, WPP domain-interacting proteins …

Nuclear movement and positioning are indispensable for most cellular functions. In plants,
strong light-induced chloroplast movement to the side walls of the cell is essential for …

The nuclear envelope (NE) is a double membrane system enclosing the genome of
eukaryotes. Besides nuclear pore proteins, which form channels at the NE, nuclear …

Chloroplast movement is essential for plants to survive under various environmental light
conditions. Phototropins—plant-specific blue-light-activated receptor kinases—mediate the …

Plant organelles are highly motile, with speed values of 3–7 µm/s in cells of land plants and
about 20–60 µm/s in characean algal cells. This movement is believed to be important for …