BACKGROUND Historical accounts linking cancer and microbes date as early as four
millennia ago. After establishment of the germ theory of infectious diseases, clinical research …

Vaccines are the most effective means available for preventing infectious diseases.
However, vaccine-induced immune responses are highly variable between individuals and …

Microbial colonization of the human intestine impacts host metabolism and immunity;
however, exactly when colonization occurs is unclear. Although many studies have reported …

Background Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis are the most
abundant bacteria found on the skin of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). S aureus is …

Skin wounds heal by coordinated induction of inflammation and tissue repair, but the
initiating events are poorly defined. Here we uncover a fundamental role of commensal skin …

A diverse range of normal flora populates the human skin and numbers are relatively
different between individuals and parts of the skin. Humans and normal flora have formed a …

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are essential components of the cancer therapeutic
armamentarium. While ICIs have demonstrated remarkable clinical responses, they can be …

With the development of society and the improvement of life quality, more than 500 million
people are affected by diabetes. More than 10% of people with diabetes will suffer from …

Background The microbiome alterations are associated with cancer growth and may
influence the immune system and response to therapy. Particularly, the gut microbiome has …

Staphylococcus aureus is a major opportunistic human pathogen that frequently causes
disease in community and hospital settings. Nasal colonization is an important risk factor for …