On Earth, humans are subjected to a gravitational force that has been an important
determinant in human evolution and function. During spaceflight, astronauts are subjected to …

Cancer is a disease exhibiting uncontrollable cell growth and spreading to other parts of the
organism. It is a heavy, worldwide burden for mankind with high morbidity and mortality …

A lack of gravity experienced during space flight has been shown to have profound effects
on human physiology including muscle atrophy, reductions in bone density and immune …

Microgravity (µ g) has a massive impact on the health of space explorers. Microgravity
changes the proliferation, differentiation, and growth of cells. As crewed spaceflights into …

A spaceflight has enormous influence on the health of space voyagers due to the combined
effects of microgravity and cosmic radiation. Known effects of microgravity (μ g) on cells are …

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most aggressive malignant brain tumors and
urgently requires the development of new therapeutic strategies. In this study, an innovative …

Space medicine is key to the human exploration of outer space and pushes the boundaries
of science, technology, and medicine. Because of harsh environmental conditions related to …

The literature suggests morphological alterations and molecular biological changes within
the cellular milieu of human cells, exposed to microgravity (µ g), as many cell types …

Microgravity induces a number of significant physiological changes in the cardiovascular,
nervous, immune systems, as well as the bone tissue of astronauts. Changes in cell …

Outer space is an extremely hostile environment for human life, with ionizing radiation from
galactic cosmic rays and microgravity posing the most significant hazards to the health of …