As the Internet has transformed into a critical infrastructure, society has become more
vulnerable to its security flaws. Despite substantial efforts to address many of these …

Strong encryption algorithms and reliable anonymity routing have made cybercrime
investigation more challenging. Hence, one option for law enforcement agencies (LEAs) is …

Exploring the Tor network requires acquiring onion addresses, which are crucial for
accessing anonymous websites. However, the Tor protocol presents a challenge, as it lacks …

abstract As the Internet has transformed into a critical infrastructure, society has become
more vulnerable to its security flaws. Despite substantial efforts to address many of these …

The Dark Web is a web-based content based on anonymous communication systems that
protects users and protects anonymity through technologies such as traffic encryption …

Since the advent of darknet markets, or illicit cryptomarkets, there has been a sustained
interest in studying their operations: the actors, products, payment methods, and so on …

The World Wide Web (www) consists of the surface web, deep web, and Dark Web,
depending on the content shared and the access to these network layers. Dark Web consists …

Anonymous communications networks were created to protect the privacy of
communications, preventing censorship and traffic analysis. The most famous anonymous …

We study the fundamental problem of butterfly (ie,(2, 2)-bicliques) counting in bipartite
streaming graphs. Similar to triangles in unipartite graphs, enumerating butterflies is crucial …

Abstract Models of networks play a major role in explaining and reproducing empirically
observed patterns. Suitable models can be used to randomize an observed network while …