Written by a leading scientist with over 35 years of experience working at the National
Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Solar Radiation: Practical Modeling for Renewable …

In the words of Heinrich Hertz in 1885, the Earth is a “gigantic steam engine”. On average, of
the planet's cross section exposed to sunlight, 72% belong to the global ocean. With a delay …

In this paper seven vector radiative transfer codes are inter-compared for the case of
underlying black surface. They include three techniques based on the discrete ordinate …

The interaction of clouds with solar and terrestrial radiation is one of the most important
topics of climate research. In recent years it has been recognized that only a full three …

We present an alternative method to calculate the directional distribution after secondary
scattering of light in an atmosphere, and apply it to the correction developed by Nakajima …

Although solar radiation initially is unpolarized when entering the Earth's atmosphere, it is
polarized by scattering processes with molecules, water droplets, ice crystals, and aerosols …

The microstructure of a medium strongly influences how light propagates through it. The
amount of disorder it contains determines whether the medium is transparent or opaque …

Three‐dimensional (3‐D) aerosol‐cloud interaction is examined by analyzing two images
containing cumulus clouds in biomass‐burning regions in Brazil. The research consists of …

One of the main concerns regarding a decrease in stratospheric ozone is the consequential
increasein the amount of ultraviolet (UV) radiation that reaches the lower atmosphere and …

Interactions between clouds and radiation are at the root of many difficulties in numerically
predicting future weather and climate and in retrieving the state of the atmosphere from …