With the deep combination of both modern information technology and traditional
agriculture, the era of agriculture 4.0, which takes the form of smart agriculture, has come …

The dynamic nature of wireless links and the mobility of devices connected to the Internet of
Things (IoT) over fifth-generation (5G) networks (IoT-5G), on the one hand, empowers …

Multi-factor authentication is a promising way to enhance the security of password-based
authenticated key exchange (PAKE) schemes. It is widely deployed in various daily …

Agricultural industry is one of the most vital industries that has a major contribution to the
economy due to its share in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and as a source of …

The Internet of Things (IoT) aims to transform everyday physical objects into an
interconnected ecosystem with digital data accessible anywhere and anytime.“Things” in IoT …

Purpose The blockchain-based digital twin has been recognized as a prominent
technological ecosystem featuring synergies with both established and emergent …

Nowadays, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are essential for monitoring and data
collection in many industrial environments. Industrial environments are usually huge. The …

Internet of Things (IoT) composed of large number of sensing devices with a variety of
features applicable for various applications. In such scenarios, due to low data handling …

Smart cities are developed to optimize operations across the city such as waste and traffic
management, water supply management, criminal tracking, and pollution monitoring, etc …

One of the significant challenges in the Internet of Things (IoT) is the provisioning of
guaranteed security and privacy, considering the fact that IoT devices are resource-limited …