Sustained inflammatory responses have been implicated in various neurodegenerative
diseases (NDDs). Cleistocalyx nervosum var. paniala (CN), an indigenous berry, has been …

Chronic oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation are implicated in developing and
progressing neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). The chronic activation of microglia cells …

Lysosomal-driven autophagy is a tightly controlled cellular catabolic process that breaks
down and recycles broken or superfluous cell parts. It is involved in several illnesses …

Background Cisplatin-based chemotherapy is the first line of treatment for bladder cancer.
However, cisplatin induces muscle wasting associated with NF-κB and cancer cachexia …

In light of the current industrial evolution, exposure to cadmium has become a significant
public health concern. Cadmium accumulates in the renal tubular cells and causes …

The circadian clock system orchestrates daily behavioral and physiological rhythms,
facilitating adaptation to environmental and internal oscillations. Disruptions in circadian …

Curculigoside (Cur) is a natural component from Curculigo orchioides Gaertn, with various
bioactivities. The function of Cur in the nervous system and osteoarthritis has been reported …

Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease characterized by loss
of joint function, which seriously reduces the quality of life of the elderly and imposes a …

Lung inflammatory disorders are a major global health burden, impacting millions of people
and raising rates of morbidity and death across many demographic groups. An industrial …

Intestinal inflammation is a common clinical intestinal disease. Catalpol, a natural iridoid
compound, has been shown to have anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic …