The increase of extracellular heme is a hallmark of hemolysis or extensive cell damage.
Heme has prooxidant, cytotoxic, and inflammatory effects, playing a central role in the …

Pyroptosis is one special type of lytic programmed cell death, featured in cell swelling,
rupture, secretion of cell contents and remarkable proinflammation effect. In the process of …

We review signaling by reactive oxygen species, which is emerging as a major physiological
process. However, among the reactive oxygen species, H2O2 best fulfills the requirements …

This review article provides a historical perspective on the role of purinergic signalling in the
regulation of various subsets of immune cells from early discoveries to current …

Nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD)‐like receptors (NLRs) are a specialized group of
intracellular proteins that play a critical role in the regulation of the host innate immune …

Inflammasomes are Nod-like receptor (NLR)-and caspase-1-containing cytoplasmic
multiprotein complexes, which upon their assembly, process and activate the …

Fungal infections represent a serious threat, particularly in immunocompromised patients.
Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is a key pro-inflammatory factor in innate antifungal immunity. The …

Macrophages are present throughout the human body, constitute important immune effector
cells, and have variable roles in a great number of pathological, but also physiological …

Sterile particles induce robust inflammatory responses that underlie the pathogenesis of
diseases like silicosis, gout, and atherosclerosis. A key cytokine mediating this response is …

Inflammasomes are cytosolic multiprotein complexes that assemble in response to a variety
of infectious and noxious insults. Inflammasomes play a critical role in the initiation of innate …