Websites are becoming increasingly effective communication tools. Nevertheless, web
applications are vulnerable to attack and can give attackers access to sensitive information …

Penetration testing (Pen-Testing) detects potential vulnerabilities and exploits by imitating
black hat hackers to stop cyber crimes. Despite recent attempts to automate Pen-Testing, the …

The existing researches point to a lack of studies addressing the quantitative evaluation of
the effectiveness of cyber defense. This difficult matter has been plaguing cyber security …

In recent years, the number of people using the Internet has increased worldwide, and the
use of web applications in many areas of daily life, such as education, healthcare, finance …

SQL injection (SQLi) is one of the most common attacks against database servers and has
the potential to threaten server services by utilizing SQL commands to change, delete, or …

Attacks using SQL (Structured Query Language) injection pose a serious risk to the
confidentiality and integrity of databases and web applications. Although tried-and-true …

Today, academic institution involves digital data to support the educational process. It has
advantages, especially related to ease of access and process. However, security problems …

Penetration testing is an important tool for assessing system security posture and detecting
vulnerabilities. Cybersecurity risks, such as hacking and data breaches, have become …

The security of academic information systems needs consideration to anticipate various
threats, resulting in data leakage, misuse of information, modification, and data destruction …

Penetration Testing in Ethical Hacking is one of the most efficient method used by high end
organizations to overcome this data threat caused by cyber criminals. Penetration Testing …