The rate of global-mean sea-level rise since 1900 has varied over time, but the contributing
factors are still poorly understood. Previous assessments found that the summed …

The rate of twentieth-century global sea level rise and its causes are the subjects of intense
controversy,,,,,,. Most direct estimates from tide gauges give 1.5–2.0 mm yr-1, whereas …

Estimating and accounting for twentieth-century global mean sea-level (GMSL) rise is critical
to characterizing current and future human-induced sea-level change. Several previous …

Glaciers distinct from the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets cover an area of approximately
706,000 square kilometres globally, with an estimated total volume of 170,000 cubic …

GLOBAL compilations of tide records indicate that sea level has been rising throughout the
twentieth century1, 2, with potentially dangerous consequences for low-lying coastal …

The last glacial cycle was characterized by substantial millennial-scale climate
fluctuations,,,,, but the extent of any associated changes in global sea level (or, equivalently …

Ice volume (and hence sea level) and deep-sea temperature are key measures of global
climate change. Sea level has been documented using several independent methods over …

The oscillations between glacial and interglacial climate conditions over the past three
million years have been characterized by a transfer of immense amounts of water between …

The mean sea level has been projected to rise in the 21st century as a result of global
warming. Such projections of sea level change depend on estimated future greenhouse …

Identifying the causes of historical trends in relative sea level—the height of the sea surface
relative to Earth's crust—is a prerequisite for predicting future changes. Rates of change …