The confining pressure is the main source of the internal force of the shield tunnel.
Estimating confining pressure accurately holds a pivotal role in the analysis of the shield …

The confining pressure has a great effect on the internal force of the tunnel. During
construction, the confining pressure which has a crucial impact on tunnel construction …

A redistribution of stress is caused by the excavation of a new tunnel within the soil
surrounding the existing shield tunnel structure. This stress redistribution results in …

The interaction between a shield machine and the ground is a complicated problem
involving numerous extrinsic and intrinsic factors. Machine learning (ML) algorithms have …

Predicting the future mechanical behavior of tunnel structure is vitally important to prevent
accident disasters. However, in most of the existing models, the inadequate consideration …

Featured Application This paper employs intelligent methods to forecast ground settlement
caused by tunnel construction in order to provide a solid foundation for risk warning and risk …

This study presents a hybrid model based on the particle swarm optimization (PSO)
algorithm and a long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network. PSO can determine the …

This paper constructs the prediction intervals (PIs) of the tunnels' settlement caused by the
shielding steering process. The hybrid genetic algorithm-neural network (GA-NN) is …

The subway systems have greatly released the pressure of ground traffic, but shield
construction will cause considerable disturbance to the surrounding soil. Consequently …

During construction, the shield linings of tunnels often face the problem of local or overall
upward movement after leaving the shield tail in soft soil areas or during some large …