This review summarizes the brain mechanisms controlling sleep and wakefulness.
Wakefulness promoting systems cause low-voltage, fast activity in the …

Sleep is a physiological global state composed of two different phases: Non‑rapid eye
movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. The control mechanisms of sleep …

Wakefulness, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, and non–rapid eye movement (NREM)
sleep are characterized by distinct electroencephalogram (EEG), electromyogram (EMG) …

The overall function of sleep is hypothesized to provide “recovery” after preceding waking
activities, thereby ensuring optimal functioning during subsequent wakefulness. However …

Many neurochemical systems interact to generate wakefulness and sleep. Wakefulness is
promoted by neurons in the pons, midbrain, and posterior hypothalamus that produce …

The cyclic repetition of sleep and wakefulness states is essential to the basic functioning of
all higher animals, including humans. As understanding of the neurobiology of sleep …

At its most basic level, the function of mammalian sleep can be described as a restorative
process of the brain and body; recently, however, progressive research has revealed a host …

Elements of three old, overlapping theories of REM sleep (REM) function, the Ontogenetic,
Homeostatic and Phylogenetic hypotheses, together still provide a plausible framework …

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the neurobiology of waking and sleeping.
Waking and sleeping are actively generated by neuronal systems distributed through the …

The mammalian brain oscillates through three distinct global activity states: wakefulness,
non‐rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep and REM sleep. The regulation and function of …