Gradient structures found in biological materials have served as a source of inspiration for
scientists seeking to enhance the performance of metals and alloys over the past decades …

Inspired by the gradient structures of biological materials, researchers have explored
compositional and structural gradients for about 40 years as an approach to enhance the …

INTRODUCTION Gradient structures ubiquitously exist in natural materials such as bone,
shells, and trees. Microstructural gradients are increasingly being introduced into a wide …

Inspired by recent progress in developing gradient materials with excellent performances,
here we report a systematic finite-element based investigation to show how the strength and …

Gradient structured metals have been reported to exhibit high strength and high ductility.
Here we report that the strength of gradient structured aluminum rod is much higher than the …

Residual stress exists extensively in biological and engineering structures. Here we report
that residual stress can be engineered to significantly enhance the strength and ductility of …

Gradient structures are characterized with a systematic change in microstructures on a
macroscopic scale. Here, we report that gradient structures in engineering materials such as …

Gradient structured (GS) materials are ubiquitous in biological systems and now
increasingly adopted in engineering systems to achieve desirable combinations of …

Heterogeneous-structured materials are a new class of metallic materials that have recently
emerged due to development of advanced processing and structural/architectural design …

Gradient microstructure design has been found to be an effective approach to significantly
produce the utmost advanced structural metallic materials, which have a signature in …