Background Animal models and few clinical reports suggest the involvement of the
complement system in the onset of severe manifestations of coronavirus disease-2019 …

Background Excessive activation of immune responses in coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID-19) is considered to be related to disease severity, complications, and mortality rate …

Objectives Uncontrolled thromboinflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of
coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus. Complement was implicated …

Complement activation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of severe SARS-CoV-2
infection. However, it remains to be determined whether increased complement activation is …

In a stunningly short period of time, the unexpected coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS–CoV-2), has …

Increased levels of circulating complement activation products have been reported in COVID-
19 patients, but only limited information is available on complement involvement at the …

Acute respiratory failure and a systemic coagulopathy are critical aspects of the morbidity
and mortality characterizing infection with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome …

Objectives To describe the humoral immune feature of patients with coronavirus disease
2019 (COVID-19). Methods The levels of total immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, IgA, and IgE) …

Increasing evidence suggests that activation of the complement system plays a key role in
the pathogenesis and disease severity of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We used a …

Complement plays an important role in the direct defense to pathogens, but can also
activate immune cells and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. However, in critically ill …