This study considers the optimum design of reinforced concrete combined footings. Analysis
and design procedures are developed based on the American Concrete Institute (ACI 318 …

The paper presents an estimation of the optimum cost of an isolated foundation following the
safety and serviceability guidelines of Indian Standard (IS) 456: 2000. Two adaptable …

The primary goal of an engineer is to find the best possible economical design and this goal
can be achieved by considering multiple trials. A methodology with fast computing ability …

Engineers usually use trial-and-error approaches for dealing with design problems where
they need to find the most economical design of a structural element in terms of its material …

This paper deals with the economically optimized design and sensitivity of two of the most
widely used systems in geotechnical engineering: spread footing and retaining wall. Several …

In the process of designing an economical structure, safety along with total cost must be
balanced. This can be attained by design optimization, however the complex nature of the …

In this study, the performances of eight recent swarm intelligence techniques, accelerated
particle swarm optimization (APSO), firefly algorithm, levy-flight krill herd, whale optimization …

In the current study, the performance of three evolutionary algorithms, differential algorithm
(DE), evolution strategy (ES), and biogeography-based optimization algorithm (BBO), is …

This paper shows an optimal design for reinforced concrete rectangular combined footings
based on a criterion of minimum cost. The classical design method for reinforced concrete …

In this study, an effective intelligent system based on artificial neural networks (ANNs) and a
modified rat swarm optimizer (MRSO) was developed to predict the ultimate bearing …